/* ── Reset & Base ─────────────────────────────────────── */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
  --black: #222222;
  --white: #FFFFFF;
  --gray-100: #F5F5F5;
  --gray-200: #E5E5E5;
  --gray-400: #999999;
  --gray-500: #777777;
  --gray-600: #555555;
  --gray-700: #333333;
  --border: #E5E5E5;
  --crimson: #A51C30;
  --max-width: 1000px;
  --section-padding: 60px 0;
  --font-sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--black);
  background: var(--white);
  line-height: 1.7;
  font-size: 15px;
}

a {
  color: var(--black);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--gray-600);
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

/* ── Navigation ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  background: var(--white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.nav-inner {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 0 0 40px;
  height: 48px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.nav-name {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  color: var(--crimson);
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 28px;
  list-style: none;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: 28px;
}

.nav-links a {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--gray-500);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.nav-links a:hover {
  color: var(--crimson);
}

.nav-links a.nav-external {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
}

.nav-links a.nav-external span {
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform 0.2s;
}

.nav-links a.nav-external:hover span {
  transform: translateX(-8px);
}

.nav-links a.nav-external::after {
  content: "\2192";
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  top: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.2s, transform 0.2s;
}

.nav-links a.nav-external:hover::after {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(8px);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 4px;
}

.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 18px;
  height: 1.5px;
  background: var(--black);
  margin: 4px 0;
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.nav-cta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 48px;
  padding: 0 28px;
  background: var(--crimson);
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  transition: background 0.2s;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.nav-cta:hover {
  background: #8A1526;
  color: var(--white);
}

/* ── Container ───────────────────────────────────────── */
.container {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 0 0 40px;
}

/* ── Hero / Faculty Profile Header ───────────────────── */
.hero {
  min-height: calc(100vh - 50px);
  padding-top: 48px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
}

.hero .container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: 60px;
  padding-left: 40px;
}

.hero-main {
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.hero-photo {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 320px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: -40px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.hero-education {
  padding-top: 16px;
}

.hero-main .hero-contact {
  margin-top: auto;
  align-self: flex-start;
}

.hero-image-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  width: 320px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.hero-image {
  width: 320px;
  height: 440px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--gray-100);
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.hero-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transform: scale(1.4) translateY(12%);
  filter: grayscale(100%);
}

.hero-name {
  font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  font-size: 42px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: var(--crimson);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}


.hero-credentials {
  padding-bottom: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.hero-credentials p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 0;
}

.cred-dark {
  color: #1A1814;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.cred-muted {
  color: #888888;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.cred-spacer {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
}


.hero-education-label {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--crimson);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.hero-education ul {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 3px;
}

.hero-education li {
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.edu-deg {
  color: #1A1814;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.edu-inst {
  color: #888888;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.hero-email {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.hero-email:hover {
  color: var(--black);
}

.hero-contact {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--crimson);
}

.hero-contact:hover {
  color: var(--crimson);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--crimson);
}

.hero-bio {
  max-width: 600px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.hero-bio p {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--gray-700);
  line-height: 1.75;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.hero-bio strong {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--black);
}

.hero-readmore {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 8px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #888888;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-readmore:hover {
  color: #888888;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: #888888;
}

.hero-bio p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* ── Credentials Strip ──────────────────────────────── */
.credentials-strip {
  padding: 16px 20px;
  background: #F7F7F5;
  border-top: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}

.credentials-strip p {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  color: #888888;
  text-align: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 80px;
}

.credentials-strip + .section {
  padding-top: 32px;
}

.about-strip {
  padding: 18px 20px;
  background: #F7F7F5;
  border-top: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}

.about-strip p {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: #888888;
  text-align: center;
  margin: 0;
}

.about-strip p a {
  color: var(--crimson);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.about-strip p a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--crimson);
}

/* ── Expandable Sections ─────────────────────────────── */
.expandable .expandable-content {
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* Current Work: show first items */
#current-work .expandable:not(.expanded) .expandable-content {
  max-height: 340px;
  position: relative;
}

#current-work .expandable:not(.expanded) .expandable-content::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 60px;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, var(--white));
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Press: show first 5 items */
#press .expandable:not(.expanded) .expandable-content {
  max-height: 290px;
  position: relative;
}

#press .expandable:not(.expanded) .expandable-content::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 60px;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, var(--white));
  pointer-events: none;
}

.expandable.expanded .expandable-content {
  max-height: none;
}

.expand-toggle {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 16px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--crimson);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.expand-toggle:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--crimson);
  color: var(--crimson);
}

/* ── Section Styles ──────────────────────────────────── */
.section {
  padding: var(--section-padding);
  border-bottom: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  scroll-margin-top: 48px;
}

.section-label {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--crimson);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--black);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.section-subtitle {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--gray-500);
  line-height: 1.6;
  max-width: 560px;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.section-body {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--gray-700);
  line-height: 1.75;
  max-width: none;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.section-body:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.about-bio p {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--gray-700);
  line-height: 1.75;
  max-width: 700px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.about-bio p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.about-readmore {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: 24px;
}

/* ── Current Work ────────────────────────────────────── */
.current-work-framing {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  padding-left: 20px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--crimson);
}

.current-work-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.current-work-list li {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
  padding: 16px 0;
  margin: 0;
  position: relative;
}

.current-work-list li::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--gray-200);
}


.cw-category {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--crimson);
  margin-top: 48px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.cw-category:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.cw-subcategory {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--crimson);
  margin-top: 32px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #BBBBBB;
}

.cw-divider {
  margin: 0;
  height: 0;
}

.cw-category-toggle {
  cursor: pointer;
  user-select: none;
}

.cw-category-toggle:hover {
  opacity: 0.75;
}

.cw-chevron {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: 12px;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.cw-chevron::before {
  content: "+";
}

.cw-category-toggle.expanded .cw-chevron::before {
  content: "\2212";
}

.cw-collapsible {
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: max-height 0.5s ease, opacity 0.4s ease;
}

.cw-collapsible.expanded {
  max-height: 5000px;
  opacity: 1;
}

.cw-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 16px;
}

.cw-date {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #888888;
  font-weight: 400;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.cw-title {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--black);
}

.cw-link {
  color: var(--black);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.cw-link:hover {
  color: var(--crimson);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--crimson);
}

.cw-desc {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--gray-500);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.cw-venue {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--gray-400);
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* ── Historical Foundation ───────────────────────────── */
.subsection-label {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gray-400);
  margin-top: 32px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.public-service-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
}

.public-service-list li {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  padding-left: 16px;
  position: relative;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.public-service-list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 8px;
  width: 4px;
  height: 4px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gray-400);
}

.crimson-link {
  color: var(--crimson);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.crimson-link:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--crimson);
  color: var(--crimson);
}

/* ── Education List ──────────────────────────────────── */
.education-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 6px;
}

.education-list li {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--gray-700);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* ── Research Cards ──────────────────────────────────── */
.research-featured {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.research-card {
  padding: 24px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.research-card:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.research-card--featured {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--crimson);
  padding-left: 20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
  padding-bottom: 24px;
}

.research-card-subtitle {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--gray-500);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-style: italic;
}

.research-card h3 {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--black);
}

.research-card p {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 0 40px;
}

.research-grid .research-card {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding: 16px 0 0;
}

/* ── Books ───────────────────────────────────────────── */
#books {
  padding-top: 60px;
  padding-bottom: 60px;
}

.books-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 48px;
  align-items: start;
}

.book-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  text-align: left;
  min-width: 0;
}

.book-item .book-cover-wrap {
  width: 100%;
  height: 220px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 4px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  background: var(--gray-100);
}

.book-item .book-cover-wrap img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

.book-item-title {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--black);
  line-height: 1.3;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  text-align: left;
  width: 100%;
  height: 90px;
}

.book-subtitle {
  display: block;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  margin-top: 6px;
}

.book-item-publisher {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--gray-400);
  font-weight: 400;
  white-space: nowrap;
  text-align: left;
  width: 100%;
  margin-top: 14px;
}

/* ── Pull Quote ─────────────────────────────────────── */
.pull-quote {
  background: #F7F7F5;
  border-top: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
}

.pull-quote blockquote {
  padding-left: 24px;
  border-left: 3px solid #E5E5E5;
  max-width: 600px;
}

.pull-quote blockquote p {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: #333333;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
}

.pull-quote blockquote cite {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-style: normal;
  color: #888888;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ── Consulting ──────────────────────────────────────── */
.consulting-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
}

.consulting-card h3 {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--black);
}

.consulting-card p {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.consulting-list {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 6px;
}

.consulting-list li {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--gray-600);
  padding-left: 16px;
  position: relative;
}

.consulting-list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 8px;
  width: 4px;
  height: 4px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--gray-400);
}

/* ── Press ───────────────────────────────────────────── */
.press-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.press-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 16px 20px 16px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
  gap: 20px;
}

.press-item:first-child {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.press-item:hover {
  background: var(--gray-100);
  margin: 0 -8px;
  padding: 16px 28px 16px 8px;
}

.press-source {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--crimson);
  min-width: 180px;
  width: 180px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.press-title {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--black);
  flex: 1;
}

.press-year {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--gray-400);
  font-weight: 400;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* ── Contact ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
}

.contact-card {
  padding: 24px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--gray-200);
}

.contact-card:hover {
  color: var(--black);
}

.contact-card-label {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--gray-400);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.contact-card-value {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--black);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* ── Footer ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
.footer {
  border-top: 1px solid #E5E5E5;
  padding: 24px 0;
}

.footer-inner {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}

.footer-name {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--gray-500);
}

.footer-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
}

.footer-links a {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #888888;
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.footer-links a:hover {
  color: var(--black);
}

/* ── Responsive ──────────────────────────────────────── */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  :root {
    --section-padding: 40px 0;
  }

  .container {
    padding: 0 24px;
  }

  .nav-inner {
    padding: 0 0 0 24px;
  }

  .nav-cta {
    height: 48px;
    padding: 0 20px;
    font-size: 12px;
  }

  .nav-links {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 48px;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: var(--white);
    flex-direction: column;
    padding: 16px 24px;
    gap: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  }

  .nav-links.active {
    display: flex;
  }

  .nav-toggle {
    display: block;
  }

  .hero {
    padding-top: 72px;
    padding-bottom: 32px;
  }

  .hero .container {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
  }

  .hero-sidebar {
    width: 100%;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .hero-image-wrapper {
    width: 200px;
  }

  .hero-image {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
  }

  .hero-name {
    font-size: 22px;
  }

  .hero-titles {
    align-items: center;
  }

  .credentials-strip p {
    font-size: 11px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    white-space: normal;
  }

  .research-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .contact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .consulting-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .books-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 12px;
  }


  .press-item {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 4px 16px;
  }

  .press-source {
    min-width: auto;
    width: 100%;
  }

  .press-year {
    order: 3;
  }

  .footer-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
    text-align: center;
  }
}